Issues that need to be considered for accurate Time Error results including comment on 1pps measurements, 1588 Time Error measurement, telecom boundary clock (T-BC), Polarity of T-BC inaccuracies and a summary of T-BC inaccuracies.
Managing the Impact of Cable Delays
A discussion on the issues that need to be considered and some tips on how to ensure the uncertainty due to cable delays is minimised when performing high accuracy Time Error measurements.
Technical Brief for Boundary Clocks
The accuarcy of Telecom Boundary Clocks is essential to the successful roll-out of LTE-A and TDD-LTE. The ITU-T has agreed a new specification for the performance of T-BCs, recommendation G.8273.2. This application note describes what a Boundary Clock is, and explains the critical performance parameters defined in G.8273.2.
Testing Performance of a Smart SFP Transparent Clock
The Chronos Smart SFP™ can be configured as a T-TC, allowing Network Operators to use existing network equipment. This Application note describes how the T-TC performance can be verified by the Calnex Paragon-X.
G.8273.2 BC Conformance Test
This Test Guide shows how the Calnex Paragon-neo can be used to test T-BC compliance as per G.8273.2 and provides procedures to measure noise generation, time noise tolerance and transfer, packet layer transient response and holdover performance.
Testing a T-BC to ITU-T G.8273.2
The accuracy of Telecom Boundary Clocks (T-BCs) is essential to the successful roll-out of 5G, in addition to supporting LTE-A and TDD-LTE. The ITU-T has updated specifications for T-BCs in Recommendation G.8273.2 to cover this range of applications. This Technical Overview describes what a boundary clock is, and explains the critical performance parameters defined in G.8273.2.
G.8273.2 T-TSC Conformance Test
This Test Guide shows how the Calnex Paragon-neo can be used to test T-TSC compliance as per G.8273.2 and provides procedures to measure noise generation, time noise tolerance and transfer, packet layer transient response and holdover performance.
G.8262 SyncE Conformance Testing
The ITU-T G.8261 and G.8262 standards specify compliance requrements for SyncE Jitter and Wander performance. This application note detail how the Calnex Paragon-X can be used to prove compliance to G.8262 and provides procedures to measure noise generation, tolerance and transfer, packet layer transient response and holdover performance of Ethernet equipment.
G.8262.1/G.8262 EECs Conformance Test
This Test Guide shows how the Paragon-neo can be used to perform the tests specified in the ITU-T G.8262.1/G.8262 standards for proving SyncE wander and jitter performance at rates up to 100GbE. The tests include noise generation, noise tolerance and transfer, phase transient response and holdover performance.
Stepping Up to the Challenge
With mobile communications, some of the current and proposed future radio technologies require not only frequency sync, but time sync as well. In this paper Tommy Cook and Tim Frost will discuss the challenge of tighter time accuracy.